"She has a unique awareness of the connections between body and soul, the living and the dead, and in her poetic and experimental style has become an innovator in contemporary prose," Anders Olsson, chairman of the Swedish Academy's Nobel Committee, said in a statement on Thursday.
Han Kang, 53, the first South Korean to win the literature prize, began her career in 1993 with the publication of a number of poems in the magazine Literature and Society, while her prose debut came in 1995 with the short story collection Love of Yeosu.
Her major international breakthrough came with the novel The Vegetarian, an unsettling novel in which a woman's decision to stop eating meat has devastating consequences, for which she won the International Booker Prize in 2016.
Bookmaker favourites before the announcement included Chinese writer Can Xue and many other perennial possible candidates such as Kenya's Ngugi Wa Thiong'o, Australia's Gerald Murnane and Canada's Anne Carson.
BREAKING NEWS— The Nobel Prize (@NobelPrize) The 2024 #NobelPrize in Literature is awarded to the South Korean author Han Kang "for her intense poetic prose that confronts historical traumas and exposes the fragility of human life." pic.twitter.com/dAQiXnm11zOctober 10, 2024
The literature prize is the most accessible of the Nobels for many and, as such, the academy's choices are met with praise and criticism, often in equal measure.
The academy's omission of literary giants such as Russia's Leo Tolstoy, France's Emile Zola and Ireland's James Joyce has left many book-lovers scratching their heads over the last century.
The 2016 prize award to American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan was hailed as radical rethink about what literature is, but also seen as a snub to authors in more traditional genres.
The prizes, for achievements in science, literature and peace, were created through a bequest in the will of Swedish dynamite inventor and businessman Alfred Nobel.
They have been awarded since 1901, with the final prize in the line-up - economics - being a later addition.
After peace, the literature award tends to garner the most attention, thrusting authors into the global spotlight and yielding a spike in book sales that can, however, be relatively short-lived for authors who are not household names.
Even so, the prize money and a place on a list that includes luminaries such as Irish poet WB Yeats, who won in 1923, American novelist Ernest Hemingway, who took the award in 1954, and Colombia's Gabriel Garcia Marquez, winner in 1982, is an appealing proposition.
Norwegian author and dramatist Jon Fosse won in 2023.
The fourth award to be handed out every year, the literature prize follows those for medicine, physics and chemistry announced earlier this week.
The prize is worth 11 million Swedish crowns ($A1.6 million).
with AP
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